‘New’ social movements are labeled as such to distinguish them from traditional or ‘old’ social movements, particularly those rooted in industrial society and class-based struggles.

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These ‘new’ social movements emerged in the late 20th century and are characterized by distinct features that set them apart. Here are some key features of ‘new’ social movements:

1. Post-Materialist Values:

‘New’ social movements often prioritize post-materialist values over traditional economic concerns. Issues related to identity, quality of life, environmental sustainability, and cultural rights take precedence.

2. Identity Politics:

Unlike class-based movements, ‘new’ social movements often revolve around identity politics. Movements based on gender, ethnicity, race, sexual orientation, and cultural identity seek recognition, equality, and justice for marginalized groups.

3. Decentralized and Networked Structure:

These movements tend to have a decentralized organizational structure. Networked and loosely connected, they rely on information technologies and social media for communication, coordination, and mobilization.

4. Emphasis on Cultural Change:

Cultural change is a central focus for ‘new’ social movements. They aim to challenge and transform cultural norms, attitudes, and practices related to issues such as gender roles, environmental conservation, and human rights.

5. Autonomy and Autonomy Movements:

‘New’ social movements often seek autonomy and self-determination for specific communities. Movements advocating for the rights of indigenous peoples, linguistic minorities, and regional autonomy fall under this category.

6. Global Orientation:

Many ‘new’ social movements have a global orientation. They transcend national boundaries and form transnational networks, collaborating with like-minded groups worldwide to address common concerns.

7. Emphasis on Non-Violence and Direct Action:

While not universal, ‘new’ social movements often emphasize non-violence and direct action. Peaceful protests, civil disobedience, and creative forms of expression are common strategies.

8. Participation of Non-Activists:

‘New’ social movements attract a broader spectrum of participants, including individuals who may not identify as activists in the traditional sense. The inclusivity of these movements extends beyond activist circles.

9. Collaboration with Other Movements:

‘New’ social movements frequently collaborate with other movements, recognizing intersections of issues and shared goals. For example, environmental and feminist movements may collaborate on issues related to climate justice.

10. Influence of Postmodern Thought:
– Influenced by postmodern thought, ‘new’ social movements challenge grand narratives and question established power structures. They embrace diversity, reject essentialism, and emphasize multiple perspectives.

In summary, ‘new’ social movements are called ‘new’ because of their departure from the characteristics of traditional movements. They represent a shift towards issues of identity, cultural change, and autonomy, utilizing decentralized structures and global networks to address contemporary social challenges.