Explain the features of Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989

Here are the key features of the Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989:

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1. Definition of Hazardous Waste:

• The rules provide a comprehensive definition of hazardous waste, encompassing various types of waste materials that pose a threat to human health and the environment due to their chemical or physical properties.

1. Authorization and Registration:

• The rules mandate that any person or entity generating, collecting, treating, storing, transporting, disposing of, or handling hazardous waste must obtain authorization from the State Pollution Control Board or Pollution Control Committee. There are different categories of authorization based on the quantity and nature of hazardous waste.

1. Categorization of Hazardous Waste:

• The rules categorize hazardous wastes into different groups based on their characteristics (like corrosivity, toxicity, flammability, etc.) and list specific wastes as hazardous. This categorization helps in managing and treating different types of hazardous wastes appropriately.

1. Standards for Treatment and Disposal:

• The rules lay down standards and procedures for the treatment, storage, disposal, and transportation of hazardous wastes. This includes specifying the technologies and methods that should be employed to minimize the environmental impact.

1. Labeling and Packaging:

• Proper labeling and packaging of hazardous waste are mandated to ensure safe handling and transportation. The rules prescribe the information that should be included on labels, such as the type of waste, its characteristics, and potential hazards.

1. Transportation Manifest System:

• The rules require the use of a manifest system for the transportation of hazardous waste. A manifest is a document containing information about the type and quantity of waste being transported, its origin, and the designated disposal facility.

1. Treatment and Disposal Facilities:

• The rules specify the requirements for setting up treatment, storage, and disposal facilities for hazardous waste. These facilities need to be authorized by the regulatory authorities, and their operations are subject to compliance with environmental standards.

1. Responsibility of Generators:

• Generators of hazardous waste are responsible for ensuring safe handling, treatment, and disposal. They are required to make arrangements for the treatment and disposal of hazardous waste in an environmentally sound manner.

1. Record-Keeping and Reporting:

• Detailed record-keeping and reporting requirements are outlined in the rules. Entities handling hazardous waste must maintain records related to the generation, collection, transportation, treatment, and disposal of hazardous waste.

1. Role of State Pollution Control Boards:
   • The State Pollution Control Boards and Pollution Control Committees play a crucial role in implementing and enforcing these rules. They grant authorizations, monitor compliance, and take enforcement actions against violations.
2. Penalties for Non-Compliance:
   • The rules prescribe penalties for non-compliance, including unauthorized handling or disposal of hazardous waste. Violators may be subject to fines, imprisonment, or both, depending on the severity of the offense.

It’s important to note that hazardous waste management rules and regulations are periodically reviewed and updated. For the latest information, it is advisable to refer to the official documents and notifications issued by the relevant environmental authorities in India.