“Murder in the Cathedral” by T.S. Eliot is a poetic drama that explores the events leading to the assassination of Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of Canterbury, in 1170.

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Eliot, a renowned poet, infused this play with poetic language, rich symbolism, and a heightened sense of theatricality. Here are key aspects that characterize “Murder in the Cathedral” as a poetic drama:

Poetic Language:

One of the defining features of “Murder in the Cathedral” is its use of poetic language. Eliot, a master poet, brings his lyrical sensibility to the play, crafting dialogue that is rhythmic, evocative, and highly symbolic. The characters often speak in elevated, poetic verse, contributing to the overall sense of drama and heightened emotion.

Choral Elements:

The play incorporates choral elements, reminiscent of ancient Greek drama. The Chorus in “Murder in the Cathedral” serves as a collective voice, expressing the thoughts and fears of the people of Canterbury. The choral interludes are structured in a way that reinforces the poetic and contemplative nature of the play.

Symbolism and Allegory:

Eliot employs symbolism and allegory throughout the play. The characters, events, and even the structure of the play carry symbolic weight. Becket’s martyrdom becomes an allegory for the tension between spiritual and secular power. Symbolic elements, such as the four Tempters and the structure of the Interlude, add layers of meaning to the narrative.

Theatricality and Ritual:

Eliot incorporates theatrical and ritualistic elements to enhance the poetic drama. The play is structured in two parts, with a dramatic climax in the Cathedral. The ritualistic chanting and procession of the Chorus contribute to the ceremonial atmosphere, creating a sense of reverence and awe.

Internal Monologues:

The play often delves into the internal thoughts and conflicts of its characters through monologues. Thomas Becket’s internal struggles, particularly in the face of temptation, are presented in a poetic and introspective manner. These internal monologues contribute to the psychological depth of the characters.

Spiritual and Philosophical Themes:

“Murder in the Cathedral” explores profound spiritual and philosophical themes. The play delves into questions of martyrdom, free will, and the relationship between God and man. These themes are expressed through the poetic dialogue, contributing to the intellectual and spiritual depth of the work.

Timelessness and Universality:

Eliot’s use of poetic language and timeless themes lends a universal quality to “Murder in the Cathedral.” The play transcends its historical setting and speaks to broader human experiences and existential questions. The poetic form allows Eliot to address enduring themes in a way that resonates across different periods.

Elevated Tragedy:

The tragic events of Becket’s murder are elevated to a poetic and dramatic level. The play is not a straightforward historical account but a stylized and symbolic exploration of the consequences of Becket’s actions. The tragic elements are heightened through Eliot’s poetic craftsmanship.

In conclusion, “Murder in the Cathedral” stands out as a poetic drama due to T.S. Eliot’s mastery of language, his use of symbolic and allegorical elements, and the incorporation of theatrical and ritualistic elements. The play’s poetic qualities contribute to its status as a contemplative and intellectually rich work that engages with profound themes of faith, power, and martyrdom.